Types of Counseling

Types of Counseling

· Directive Counseling

· Non-Directive Counseling

· Eclectic counseling

Directive Counseling

· It also called Prescriptive counseling, or Counselor centered counseling

· Chief exponent -E.G Williamson

· Counselor plays the major role in this method

· It is based on the assumption that client cannot solve his own problems for lack of information and experience

· The counselor help the counselee to make decision in keeping with the diagnosis

· He tries to direct the thinking of the counselee by informing, explaining, interpreting and suggesting (Prescriptive counseling)

· It gives more important to Intellectual aspects

Steps of Directive counseling

o Analysis – understand the client

o Synthesis – summarized and synthesized

o Diagnosis - formulating conclusions

o Prognosis – Predicting

o Counseling- counselor direct the client

o Follow up – keep watching

Non-directive Counseling

· Chief Exponent -Carl R. Rogers

· Also known as Client centered or permissive counseling

· Counselor role is passive

· Counselee take active part

· He gains insight in to his problem with the help of the counselor

· The counselee is made aware of the fact that the counselor does not have the answers but the counseling situation does provide him to solve his problems himself.

· The purpose of this method is to help the client grow toward maturity and adjustment, so that he can take the responsibility of solving his problems.

Directive	Non-Directive
Time saving	Time Consuming
Counselor is Active	Counselor is Passive
Emphasis on the problem	Emphasis on individual
Intellectual aspects	Emotional aspects
Counselor centered	Client Centered
Methodology is direct	Indirect
Solution of the problem is the primary goal	Independence and integration of the client is the primary goal
Solve immediate problems	Deals with self-analysis and new problems of adjustment may be taken care of
Use psychological assessment data	May not use psychological assessment
Help offered by counselor to take decisions	Client takes his own decisions

Steps of Non-Directive Counseling

By Carl Rogers

1. Defining the problematic situation

2. Free expression of feelings

3. Development of Insight

4. Classification of positive and negative feelings

5. Termination of Counseling situation

Eclectic Counseling

· Chief exponent – F.C Thorne

· Neither counselor centered nor client centered; but a combination of both.

· Here the counselor is neither too active as in directive counseling nor too passive as in non-directive counseling, but follows a middle course.

· It is highly flexible

Freedom to choice and expression is open to both the counselor and counselee

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