Dysgraphia

Dysgraphia
·        ‘dys’ (difficult) and the ‘graphia’ (writing) –deficiency in the ability to write.
·        LD that affects writing abilities
·        Difficult with spelling and handwriting
·        Is a problem with expressing thoughts in a written form.

Characteristics
·        Mixture of uppercase and lower case letters
·        Problem in handling writing tools
·        Inconsistent letter formation
·        Irregular letter size and shape
·        Unfinished letters
·        Misuse line and margin
·        Poor organization on the page
·        Inefficient speed in copying
·        Decreased speed of writing

Types

Phonological dysgraphia
ü  Spelling of unfamiliar words,
ü  Non words and
ü  Phonetically irregular words
Surface dysgraphia
ü  Trouble with orthographic representation of words, which makes the student rely too heavily on sound patterns

Mixed dysgraphia
ü  Trouble with mixing up letter formations
ü  Trouble with spelling tasks
ü  Combination of both

Semantic dysgraphia
ü  Grammatical problem in which students have difficulty with how words can be joined to make complete and comprehensive phrases.

Symptoms of Dysgraphia
Ø  Mixing lower and uppercase letters
Ø  Irregular letter size and shapes
Ø  Unfinished letters
Ø  Many spelling mistakes
Ø  Poor use of line and spaces
Ø  Poor structure of the words
Ø  Speaking words while writing
Ø  Improper way of holding pen
Ø  Lot of omitted words while writing

Role of teacher (Dysgraphia)
·        Encourage proper grip, posture and paper positioning
·        Provide additional time
·        Encourage the students to use hand exercises
·        Allow the student to complete writing activities in small steps
·        Avoid criticism

·        Provide written and oral direction for same activity
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