Projective Technique

III. Projective Technique.
·        Projective technique promoted to reveal his unconscious behaviour through imaginative production.
·        Psychological technique to get answers without asking a direct question
·        The use of vague, ambiguous, unstructured stimulus objects or situations in which the subject “projects” his or her personality, attitude, opinions and self-concept to give the situation some structure
·        These techniques are based in the psychological phenomenon of projection (attributing one’s own desires and feelings to others)


Rorschach Inkblot Test - 1921
·        Hermann Rorschach (1884- 1992)
·        Swish Psychiatrist
·        The test consists of 10 symmetrical Inkblot
·        These inkblots are completely unstructured.
·        The shape of the blots does not have any specific meaning.
·        Of the ten 5 are black and white and the other 5 are multi colored.
·        These printed on 7x91/2 inch cards
·        It is shown the subject. The subject interprets what he sees in the inkblot.
·        He express through his imagination about the picture. His responses reveal many of his personality.
·        It requires some training for interpretation of one’s personality.

Administration of the test
·        The cards are presented one at time in a specified order.
·        When the subject gets seated, the examiner gives him the first card with necessary instruction and asks him to say what he sees in it.
·        The subject is allowed as much time as he wants for a given card and is permitted to give as many responses as he wishes.
·        He also allowed to turn the card around an look at it from any angle he wants.
·        Record the responses, examiner note the time taken for each response.
·        After all the cards have been presented, to seek clarification or addition to the original responses follows.
  

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
·        Introduced by Henry Murray (1943)
·        Later it was fully developed for assessment of personality with the help of the psychologist C. D. Morgan.
·        TAT has been among the most widely used, researched, and taught projective psychological tests.
·        The subject is asked to tell as dramatic a story as he can.
·        Sometimes it is used in a psychiatric or psychological context to assess personality disorders, thought disorders.
·        30 picture cards
·        Which portray human beings in a verity actual life situation.
·        10 cards for male, 10 for female, remaining 10 for both sexes.
·        The subject is asked to interpret the card by telling a story about each.
·        The subject has to describe what is happening in the picture (present), what caused it to happen (Past) and what would be the result (future).
·        In making up stories, the subject unconsciously projects several characteristics of his personality.

Children’s Apperception Test (CAT)
·        Developed by Dr. Leoplod Bellak
·        For 3 to 10 year children.
·        10 cards
·        Cards have pictures of animals in various life situations.
·        All ten cards are used for children of both sex.
·        The picture designed are to evoke fantasies resulting in the child’s own experiences, reaction and feelings
·        The child’s personality is reflected in whatever story emerges.


Sentence Completion Test (SCT)
·        Test consist a list of incomplete sentences.
·        It is generally open-ended
·        The subject is asked to go through the list and answer as quickly as possible without giving a second thought to his answers.
·        After completing the sentences, the examiner gets an idea about the personality traits of the child.
·        Ex:      I am interested …………….
o   My ambition is …………….
o   If I am given…………………
o   My parents are ………………..
·        The Rotter Incomplete sentence Blank (Rotter-ISB) developed by Rotter in 1950.

Word Association Test
·        Number of ways of using Word Association Test
·        A list of words or phrases can be presented in random order to respondents, who are requested to state or write the word or phrase that pops in to their mind,
·        Respondents are asked what word or phrase comes to mind immediately upon hearing certain brand names,
·        Respondents can be asked about slogans that they suggest;
·        Respondents are asked to describe an inanimate objector product by giving human characteristics or associating descriptive adjectives with it.
·        Jung developed the Word Association Test to diagnosis behavioral disorder.

  Picture situation Index (PSI)
·        Developed by : Morgan and Gaier in 1956
·        It investigates perception, feelings and attributes of boys and their mothers with respect to punishment.
·        10 cards, each depicting home situation involving boy and his mother in conflict.
·        Child is presented with each picture in the series, he is invited to tell what is happening in the picture, What the character in it might say or do, and how they would feel

·        It will enable children to discuss their problem.
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